Juan de Austria is presented to his true father, Emperor Carlos V by his tutor at the Monastery of Yuste. Until then, the very young Juan knew nothing of his relations.

Rosales reconstructs this historic event in a painting that stems from a profound formal and historical meditation. The composition is divided into two groups, reflecting the psychological and emotional chasm separating the youth from the majestic figure of the emperor. The brilliantly applied paint, short and abundant brushstrokes, precise drawing and compositional skill are characteristics that make this one of Rosales' best paintings. The small size of this work is unusual for a history painting, but Rosales took great care in its precise historical reconstruction of both the clothing and the palace setting. This is proved by the inclusion of Titian's Christ and Mater Dolorosa in the background, both of which were taken to Yuste by Carlos V during his withdrawal to that monastery.