An equestrian portrait of Isabel de Bourbon (1602-1644). Daughter of Henri IV of France and Maria de Médicis, she was the wife of Felipe IV (1605-1665). She is sumptuously dressed with a ruff collar, a walnut skirt with golden relief embroidery, and a white bodice with embroidered with silver stars.

The horse's extremely elegant and realistic head, and the highly expressive head of the queen are especially important here. They constitute examples of Velázquez's finest art. His rapid and decisive technique contrasts with the meticulous rendering of the clothing and of the horse's blanket, which may be by another hand.

This painting hung on one of the smaller sides of the Hall of Kingdoms at Madrid's Buen Retiro Palace, where it was paired with Felipe IV on Horseback (P01178). It is listed in the inventories of Madrid's Royal Palace from 1734 to 1814 and entered the Prado Museum collection in 1819.