This painting formed part of the Altar Piece of San Esteban (Valencia), the most celebrated work by Juanes, who came from Valencia. The scenes included the most important episodes in the life of the saint, considered to be the first martyr of Christianity. According to the Acts of the Apostles , the preaching of Saint Stephen aroused the suspicions of the Sanhedrin and he was accused of destroying the traditions of Moses. True to his narrative interests, in this scene Juanes shows the reaction of the doctors, painting a diverse array of gestures and expressions.